指南
开发手册

组件【shardingsphere】

小伙伴们，你们好，欢迎来到老寇云平台，这个组件【shardingsphere】是分库分表&读写分离，支持从nacos拉取配置

# 使用

nacos-shardingsphere例子，请点击我 (opens new window)

注意：需要自己提前创建数据库和表

1.引入依赖

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.laokou</groupId>
      <artifactId>laokou-common-shardingsphere</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

2.配置分库分表&读写分离

注意：对shardingsphere数据库用户名/密码进行加密与解密

class ShardingSphereTest {

	@Test
	void testCrypto() throws Exception {
		// 私钥加密，公钥解密
		String str = "123456";
		String publicKey = "MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBAJ4o6sn4WoPmbs7DR9mGQzuuUQM9erQTVPpwxIzB0ETYkyKffO097qXVRLA6KPmaV+/siWewR7vpfYYjWajw5KkCAwEAAQ==";
		String encryptStr = CryptoUtils.encrypt(str);
		String decryptStr = CryptoUtils.decrypt(publicKey, encryptStr);
		Assertions.assertEquals(str, decryptStr);
	}

}

application-shardingsphere.yaml【nacos配置】

# 加密公钥
public-key: MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBAJ4o6sn4WoPmbs7DR9mGQzuuUQM9erQTVPpwxIzB0ETYkyKffO097qXVRLA6KPmaV+/siWewR7vpfYYjWajw5KkCAwEAAQ==
dataSources:
  # 主表【数据库配置，请按照作者来，请不要瞎几把改！！！】
  master:
    dataSourceClassName: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
    driverClassName: org.postgresql.Driver
    jdbcUrl: jdbc:postgresql://postgresql:5432/kcloud_platform_test?tcpKeepAlive=true&reWriteBatchedInserts=true&stringtype=unspecified&ApplicationName=laokou-sample-shardingsphere&useSSL=false
    username: ENC(VZamSTMi224AH6RUtJGXNldiDp/XEL2ozRhBUu/o9ChodT4JEb9kE/j0EFhXKbjsfvLVacUW0AUzetA6OrNJug==)
    password: ENC(laIHkPM/z03tYjA95hES4+BhyjyhvrPjJynrC65oDyXnUTP0Tge1UxwERWFBbHoOOQZ2GzzUrRhEYJ3jFb89eQ==)
  # 从表【数据库配置，请按照作者来，请不要瞎几把改！！！】
  slave:
    dataSourceClassName: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
    driverClassName: org.postgresql.Driver
    jdbcUrl: jdbc:postgresql://postgresql:5432/kcloud_platform_test?tcpKeepAlive=true&reWriteBatchedInserts=true&stringtype=unspecified&ApplicationName=laokou-sample-shardingsphere&useSSL=false
    username: ENC(VZamSTMi224AH6RUtJGXNldiDp/XEL2ozRhBUu/o9ChodT4JEb9kE/j0EFhXKbjsfvLVacUW0AUzetA6OrNJug==)
    password: ENC(laIHkPM/z03tYjA95hES4+BhyjyhvrPjJynrC65oDyXnUTP0Tge1UxwERWFBbHoOOQZ2GzzUrRhEYJ3jFb89eQ==)
rules:
- !SHARDING
  tables:
    # 分表的表名
    boot_sys_user:
      # 分表规则，按月份分表
      actualDataNodes: master.boot_sys_user_20240$->{1..9},master.boot_sys_user_2024$->{10..12}
      # 分表策略
      tableStrategy:
        # 规格
        standard:
          # 按创建时间字段分表
          shardingColumn: create_date
          # 自定义分表算法名称
          shardingAlgorithmName: laokou_table_inline
      # 主键生成策略
      keyGenerateStrategy:
        # 主键字段名称
        column: id
        # 主键生成采用的算法名称
        keyGeneratorName: snowflake
  # 自定义分表算法
  shardingAlgorithms:
    # 自定义分表算法名称
    laokou_table_inline:
      # 时间范围分片算法
      type: INTERVAL
      props:
        # 分片键的时间戳格式
        datetime-pattern: "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
        # 真实表的后缀格式
        sharding-suffix-pattern: "yyyyMM"
        # 时间分片下界值
        datetime-lower: "2024-01-01 00:00:00"
        # 时间分片上界值
        datetime-upper: "2024-12-31 23:59:59"
        # 分片间隔
        datetime-interval-amount: 1
        # 按月分表
        datetime-interval-unit: "months"
  # 主键生成器
  keyGenerators:
    # 雪花算法配置
    snowflake:
      # 雪花算法
      type: SNOWFLAKE
      # 属性
      props:
        # 机器工作ID
        work-id: 123
- !READWRITE_SPLITTING
  # 数据源分组
  dataSourceGroups:
    # 读写分离配置
    laokou_readwrite_data_sources:
      # 主节点写入
      writeDataSourceName: master
      # 从节点读取
      readDataSourceNames:
        - slave
      # 自定义负载均衡算法名称
      loadBalancerName: laokou_load_balance_algorithm
  # 自定义负载均衡算法
  loadBalancers:
    # 自定义负载均衡算法名称
    laokou_load_balance_algorithm:
      # 轮询调度算法
      type: ROUND_ROBIN
# 属性配置
props:
  # 显示SQL语句
  sql-show: true

3.使用

spring:
  datasource:
    dynamic:
      datasource:
        master:
		  # 拉取nacos的配置
          url: jdbc:shardingsphere:nacos:application-shardingsphere.yaml
		  # 这个配置请写死，请不要瞎几把改【基于spi发现】
		  # 这个配置请写死，请不要瞎几把改【基于spi发现】
		  # 这个配置请写死，请不要瞎几把改【基于spi发现】
          driver-class-name: org.laokou.common.shardingsphere.config.nacos.NacosShardingSphereDriver
  cloud:
	  # nacos的使用，请参考本教程组件【nacos】一节有详细介绍
	  nacos:
		  discovery:
			  server-addr: nacos:8848
			  username: nacos
			  password: nacos
			  namespace: public
			  cluster-name: laokou-cluster
			  group: DEFAULT_GROUP
		  config:
			  server-addr: nacos:8848
			  username: nacos
			  password: nacos
			  namespace: public
			  cluster-name: laokou-cluster
			  # https://github.com/alibaba/spring-cloud-alibaba/blob/2021.x/spring-cloud-alibaba-docs/src/main/asciidoc-zh/nacos-config.adoc
			  # 指定读取的文件格式
			  file-extension: yaml
			  group: DEFAULT_GROUP
			  refresh-enabled: true

4.启动nacos和laokou-sample-shardingsphere【略】

5.启动并访问 http://localhost:9033

# 扩展

众所周知，市面上的配置中心五花八门，如何适配各种配置中心？，跟随我来扩展吧！

在开始之前，我们先来看一下ShardingSphereDriver (opens new window) 了解整个加载流程【基于SPI发现】

这个流程也很简单，其实就是将yaml文件的数据转换成以shardingsphere形式的数据源，因此，我们可以将公共部分进行抽象，只需要补充各个配置中心拉取配置的代码。

nacos为例【nacos与consul、apollo类似，我就不一个一个展示啦~】

AbstractShardingSphereDriver

/**
 * Abstract ShardingSphere driver.
 *
 * @author laokou
 */
@SuppressWarnings("UseAbstractOfJDBCDriverClass")
public abstract class AbstractShardingSphereDriver implements Driver {

	private static final int MAJOR_DRIVER_VERSION = 5;

	private static final int MINOR_DRIVER_VERSION = 5;

	@HighFrequencyInvocation(canBeCached = true)
	@Override
	public Connection connect(final String url, final Properties info) throws SQLException {
		return acceptsURL(url) ? getDriverDataSourceCache().get(url, getDriverUrlPrefix()).getConnection() : null;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean acceptsURL(final String url) {
		return null != url && url.startsWith(getDriverUrlPrefix());
	}

	@Override
	public DriverPropertyInfo[] getPropertyInfo(final String url, final Properties info) {
		return new DriverPropertyInfo[0];
	}

	@Override
	public int getMajorVersion() {
		return MAJOR_DRIVER_VERSION;
	}

	@Override
	public int getMinorVersion() {
		return MINOR_DRIVER_VERSION;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean jdbcCompliant() {
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public Logger getParentLogger() {
		return Logger.getLogger(Logger.GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME);
	}

	abstract protected AbstractDriverDataSourceCache getDriverDataSourceCache();

	abstract protected String getDriverUrlPrefix();

}

AbstractDriverDataSourceCache

/**
 * Abstract Driver data source cache.
 *
 * @author laokou
 */
public abstract class AbstractDriverDataSourceCache {

	private final Map<String, DataSource> DATASOURCE_MAP = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(MapUtil.initialCapacity(16));

	/**
	 * Get data source.
	 * @param url URL
	 * @param urlPrefix URL prefix
	 * @return got data source
	 */
	public DataSource get(final String url, final String urlPrefix) {
		if (DATASOURCE_MAP.containsKey(url)) {
			return DATASOURCE_MAP.get(url);
		}
		return DATASOURCE_MAP.computeIfAbsent(url,
				driverUrl -> createDataSource(ShardingSphereURL.parse(driverUrl.substring(urlPrefix.length()))));
	}

	abstract protected AbstractShardingSphereURLLoadEngine getShardingSphereURLLoadEngine(ShardingSphereURL url);

	private <T extends Throwable> DataSource createDataSource(final ShardingSphereURL url) throws T {
		try {
			AbstractShardingSphereURLLoadEngine urlLoadEngine = getShardingSphereURLLoadEngine(url);
			return YamlShardingSphereDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(urlLoadEngine.loadContent());
		}
		catch (final IOException ex) {
			throw (T) new SQLException(ex);
		}
		catch (final SQLException ex) {
			throw (T) ex;
		}
		catch (Exception e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}
	}

}

AbstractShardingSphereURLLoadEngine

/**
 * Abstract ShardingSphere URL load engine.
 *
 * @author laokou
 */
@Slf4j
public abstract class AbstractShardingSphereURLLoadEngine {

	private static final Pattern ENC_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("^ENC\\((.*)\\)$");

	private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "public-key";

	private static final String CRYPTO_PREFIX = "ENC(";

	private static final String CRYPTO_SUFFIX = ")";

	protected final ShardingSphereURL url;

	protected AbstractShardingSphereURLLoadEngine(final ShardingSphereURL url) {
		this.url = url;
	}

	/**
	 * Load configuration content.
	 * @return loaded content
	 */
	public byte[] loadContent() throws Exception {
		return resolvePropertyValue(getContent()).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
	}

	abstract protected String getContent() throws IOException, NacosException;

	private String resolvePropertyValue(String value) {
		List<String> list = getList(value);
		if (list.isEmpty()) {
			throw new SystemException("S_ShardingSphere_PullConfigError", "无法拉取ShardingSphere配置");
		}
		List<String> strList = list.stream().filter(i -> i.startsWith(PUBLIC_KEY)).toList();
		String publicKey = StringConstant.EMPTY;
		if (CollectionUtil.isNotEmpty(strList)) {
			publicKey = strList.getFirst().substring(11).trim();
		}
		StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
		String finalPublicKey = publicKey;
		list.forEach(item -> {
			if (!item.startsWith(PUBLIC_KEY)) {
				if (item.contains(CRYPTO_PREFIX) && item.contains(CRYPTO_SUFFIX)) {
					int index = item.indexOf(StringConstant.RISK);
					String key = item.substring(0, index + 2);
					String val = item.substring(index + 2).trim();
					stringBuilder.append(key).append(decrypt(finalPublicKey, val)).append("\n");
				}
				else {
					stringBuilder.append(item).append("\n");
				}
			}
		});
		return stringBuilder.toString();
	}

	private List<String> getList(String value) {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(256);
		try (LineNumberReader reader = new LineNumberReader(new InputStreamReader(
			new ByteArrayInputStream(value.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)), StandardCharsets.UTF_8))) {
			String str;
			while (ObjectUtil.isNotNull((str = reader.readLine()))) {
				// #开头直接丢弃
				if (!str.trim().startsWith(WELL_NO)) {
					list.add(str);
				}
			}
		}
		catch (IOException e) {
			log.error("错误信息：{}", e.getMessage());
		}
		return list;
	}

	/**
	 * 字符串解密.
	 * @param cipherText 加密字符串
	 * @param publicKey 公钥
	 */
	private String decrypt(String publicKey, String cipherText) {
		if (StringUtils.hasText(cipherText)) {
			Matcher matcher = ENC_PATTERN.matcher(cipherText);
			if (matcher.find()) {
				try {
					return CryptoUtils.decrypt(publicKey, matcher.group(1));
				}
				catch (Exception e) {
					log.error("ShardingSphere decrypt error", e);
				}
			}
		}
		return cipherText;
	}

}

NacosShardingSphereDriver

/**
 * Nacos ShardingSphere driver.
 *
 * @author laokou
 */
@SuppressWarnings("UseNacosOfJDBCDriverClass")
public final class NacosShardingSphereDriver extends AbstractShardingSphereDriver {

	private static final String DRIVER_URL_PREFIX = "jdbc:shardingsphere:nacos:";

	static {
		try {
			DriverManager.registerDriver(new NacosShardingSphereDriver());
		}
		catch (final SQLException ex) {
			throw new DriverRegisterException(ex);
		}
	}

	private final NacosDriverDataSourceCache dataSourceCache = new NacosDriverDataSourceCache();

	@Override
	protected AbstractDriverDataSourceCache getDriverDataSourceCache() {
		return dataSourceCache;
	}

	@Override
	protected String getDriverUrlPrefix() {
		return DRIVER_URL_PREFIX;
	}

}

NacosDriverDataSourceCache

/**
 * Nacos Driver data source cache.
 *
 * @author laokou
 */
@Getter
public final class NacosDriverDataSourceCache extends AbstractDriverDataSourceCache {

	@Override
	protected AbstractShardingSphereURLLoadEngine getShardingSphereURLLoadEngine(ShardingSphereURL url) {
		return new NacosShardingSphereURLLoadEngine(url);
	}

}

NacosShardingSphereURLLoadEngine

/**
 * Nacos ShardingSphere URL load engine.
 *
 * @author laokou
 */
@Slf4j
public final class NacosShardingSphereURLLoadEngine extends AbstractShardingSphereURLLoadEngine {

	private static final String BIND_YAML_NAME = "bootstrap.yml";

	private static final String YAML_FORMAT = "yaml";

	private static final String NACOS_CONFIG_PREFIX = "spring.cloud.nacos.config";

	public NacosShardingSphereURLLoadEngine(ShardingSphereURL url) {
		super(url);
	}

	@Override
	protected String getContent() throws IOException, NacosException {
		// Nacos拉取配置
		NacosConfigProperties properties = PropertyUtil.bindOrCreate(NACOS_CONFIG_PREFIX, NacosConfigProperties.class,
				BIND_YAML_NAME, YAML_FORMAT);
		String group = properties.getGroup();
		NacosConfigManager nacosConfigManager = new NacosConfigManager(properties);
		ConfigService configService = nacosConfigManager.getConfigService();
		String dataId = url.getConfigurationSubject();
		Preconditions.checkArgument(StringUtil.isNotEmpty(dataId),
				"Nacos dataId is required in ShardingSphere driver URL.");
		return configService.getConfig(dataId, group, 5000);
	}

}

配置SPI发现

注意：在resources目录下创建META-INF/services文件夹，创建 java.sql.Driver 文件

org.laokou.common.shardingsphere.config.nacos.NacosShardingSphereDriver
org.laokou.common.shardingsphere.config.apollo.ApolloShardingSphereDriver
org.laokou.common.shardingsphere.config.consul.ConsulShardingSphereDriver

总结：集成其他的配置中心，只需继承三个抽象类。

AbstractShardingSphereDriver
AbstractDriverDataSourceCache
AbstractShardingSphereURLLoadEngine

注意：consul和apollo需要你们自行补充

ApolloShardingSphereURLLoadEngine

/**
 * Apollo ShardingSphere URL load engine.
 *
 * @author laokou
 */
@Slf4j
public final class ApolloShardingSphereURLLoadEngine extends AbstractShardingSphereURLLoadEngine {

	public ApolloShardingSphereURLLoadEngine(ShardingSphereURL url) {
		super(url);
	}

	@Override
	protected String getContent() {
		// 补充拉取配置的代码
		return null;
	}

}

ConsulShardingSphereURLLoadEngine

/**
 * Consul ShardingSphere URL load engine.
 *
 * @author laokou
 */
@Slf4j
public final class ConsulShardingSphereURLLoadEngine extends AbstractShardingSphereURLLoadEngine {

	public ConsulShardingSphereURLLoadEngine(ShardingSphereURL url) {
		super(url);
	}

	@Override
	protected String getContent() {
		// 补充拉取配置的代码
		return null;
	}

}

我是老寇，我们下次再见

上次更新: 4/26/2025, 6:14:01 AM

← 组件【xss】 Centos7安装Mysql 8.0.33→